Method of and apparatus for forging metal.



B. E. SLICK. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FORGING METAL.

APYLIOATIOK FILED FEB. 17, 1909.

Patented July 19,1910.

3 SHEETS- 311331 1.

WITNESSES E. E. SLICK.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOB FORGING METAL. APPLICATION FILED M117, 1909.

965,086. Patented July 19, 1910.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

INVENTOR 6. &. ML

ELE. SLICK. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR FORGING METAL.

APPLICATION IILBD'IEBJT, 1909.

S SHEETS-SHEET 3.

WITNESSES INVENTOR 7 v (\u/arQqkymai 1*! y v 3 ggkk g ltd iinwrn n; SLICK, or PITTSBURG, rnuusrnvaivra.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUSFORIORGING METAL.

assess.

' Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 1%, 19%).

Application filed February 17, 1909. Serial No. 478,503.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, EDWIN E. smart, of Pittsburg, Allegheny county, Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Method of and Apparatus for Forging Metal, of which the followin is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, in which Figure 1 is a horizontal section of my im-v proved forging apparatus; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal side elevation of the same; 1F ig. 3 is a transverse sectional end elevation taken on the line llllll of Fig. 2, showing one form of forming die used with my apparatus; Fig. i is a detail sectional elevation of a pair of improved forming dies for flanged wheels constructed and arranged to carry out my improved method of forging in accordance with my invention; Fig. is a plan view of one of the dies shown in Fig. l; and Fig. 6 is a plan showing one side of a car wheel of improved construction forming part of my invention as formed by 1 means of the dies shown in Figs. 4 and 5,

also forming part of my invention.

My invention relates to the manufacture of forged meta-l wheels, and to improved mechanism for forging such wheels.

The invention further relates to the construction of forged metal wheels particularly flanged car wheels.

One ob ect of my invention is to provide a flanged car wheel of novel construction forged from a metal blank.

A further object of my invention is to provide apparatus for forging metals of novel construction which is adapted to carry out the steps of my improved method of forging.

A further object of the invention is to provide dies of improved construction by which a novel method. of forming wheels of novel constructioi'i can be carried out and by.

which difficulties heretofore met wit-h in carrying out the forging operation are overcome and prevented.

1n the drawings, 2 represents the base of my improved rotary forging apparatus having carriers 3 and 4c in which the shafts or die holders 5 and 6 are rotatably mounted. Each shaft 5 and 6 is provided with a thrust collar 5 and 6 for resisting the end thrust put upon the apparatus by the forging operation. The collars 5, 6 engage with roller bearings 7 mounted in the carriers 3 and 4.

The outer end of the shaft or holder 5 is provided with a wabbler 8 by which it is connected to any suitable type of driving motor, (the motor not forming part of my invention is not shown). The carrier 3 is fixed to the base 2 of the apparatus and the carrier 4 is secured in slides 9 on the base 2 so as to be movable endwise. The axes of the shafts or holders 5 are at an angle to each other and the carrier 4 is arranged so as to be adjustable toward the carrier 3 in a path parallel to the axes of the carrier 3 and die holder 5.. A single acting hydraulic cylinder 10 is connected by means of the tie rods 11 with the stationary carrier 3 and the plunger 12, which is mounted in the cylinder 10, is operatively connected with the longitudinally movable carrier 4-. The car rier 4 is also connected by the rods 13 and cross head 14 with the piston or plunger 15 which is mounted in the smaller pull-back cylinder 16 to move the carrier 4 with its due holder and die-away from the opposite die, die holder and carrier. The plungers 12 and 15 in the single acting cylinders 10 and 16 are provided with suitable packing 12 and 15 It will be noted that as the dies are caused to approach each other, the point of intersection of the axes travels along a path in alineinent with the axis of the relatively fixed positively driven shaft 5, and that the distance from any point on the face of the die on the longitudinally adjustable shaft to the point of intersection of the axes of the dies remains constant, while the distance from any point on the face of the opposite the to the point of intersection of the axes is constantly changing during endwise movement of the longitudinally adjustable shaft. It will also be noted that the supporting die with which the blank being formed has a surface contact is fixed againstlongitudinal movement while the forming die is arranged to move toward and away from the supporting die in a path parallel with the axis of the supporting die and blanks in position on i the supporting die.

Removably secured on the flanges or collars 5", 6 of the carriers 5 and 6 are the forming dies 17 and 18. The opposing faces of these dies are provided with die cavities having a contour which will form the blanks into the desired shape. In Figs. 1 and 3, the dies are shown of the required shape to make a forged bevel gear.

As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the dies 19 and 20 are shown with die cavities having an enlargement on one side arranged to form a flanged metal car wheel in which the flange of the wheel is provided with 'a thickened portion 23 at one point on its periphery so as to form an unbalanced wheel. In these dies, the die 20 which containsthe cavity In which the flange of the wheel is formed, is

provided with cavities having concentric metal is forced downwardly into the flange forming cavity in this die. The dies 19 and 20 are secured to the holders 5 and 6 of the apparatus shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3 by tion. By means of my improved for 'ng' means of bolts which are inserted in the bolt holes-25 in the rim of these dies.

In the operation of forging according to my improved method, with my improved apparatus, the blanks after being heated are placed in position between the coacting faces of the rotatin .dies 17, 18. The die 18 is advancedin a ine parallel to the axis of the opposite. die, being moved gradually forward as the thickness of the blank becomes lessened by the forging operation. The metal is 'forced into the die cavities so as to entirely fill the cavities and assume the contour of these cavities. To lessen the resistance to forcing the metal into the cavities, suitable vents or small openings are provided which extend through the body of the die and allow any gases in the cavities to escape freely.- After the forging operation has been completed, the blank is removed and the above described operation is repeated upon another blank.

The advantages of my invention'will, be apparent to those skilled .in the art. By. means ofmy improved forging apparatus, metal articles can be easily and quickly formed into the desired shape by sub ecting them to forging pressure. The holder in the stationary carrier is'positively driven while the holder in the adjustable carrier is mounted with its axis at an angle to the axis of the opposite carrier and to the plane in which the adjustable carrier is moved in bringing the dies into their operative posidies, provision is made for the escape o the gases which are inclosedin the die cavities uring the forging operation, while by providing. the off-set or enlarged cavities in the dies, unbalanced wheels can be formed.

Modifications in the construction and arrangement of the parts may be made with out departing from my invention. Both dies may be provided with vents when desired, and the dies may be used with forging apparatus other than that shown and described herein.

The dies and the method of forging wheels may be employed with reciprocating dies and various other types of forging apparatus and the rotary forging a paratus shown may have dies for forming s iapes or articles, other than those shown.

I claim 1. In the forming of metal, the steps comprising subjecting a blank to the rolling pressure of opposing dies havin their axes at an angle to each other and during such rolling causing a relative a proach along the axial center line of one o the dies with out radial movement of either die with respect: to the axis of the other; substantially as described.

2. The method of forming metal, comprising rolling the blank between dies having their axes at an oblique angle. to each other and during such rolling causing the dies to approach each other alon the axial center line of one of said dies in such a manner that the dies will have relative approach without radial movement of either die with respect to the axis of the other; substantially as described.

3. The'method of forming metal. onsisting in fo'rgin it between rotary diet having their axes o rotation at an obliqu .,angle to each other, holding one die against endwise movement and forcing the opposing die forward endwise in a path parallel to the axis of the relatively fixed die; substantially as described.

4. In a forging press, rotary shafts having their axes at an angle to each other and means for causing endwise approach of one of said shafts in a path parallel to the axis of its opposing shaft; substantially as described. I

5. In a forgingpress, rotary shafts havhaving their axes at an angle to each other, means for positively driving one of the shafts, and means for moving one of said shafts toward the other in a path parallel to the axis of its opposing shaft; substantially as described. I

6. A forging press, comprising carriers having rotatable die holders mounted thereon, one of said carriers beingmovable in a pathparallel to the axis of its opposing carrier and die holder, the axis of the movable die holder and die being at an angle to the axis of the opposite carrier and bolder, and a series of rollers mount'ed on the carriers and arranged to transmit end thrust from the die holders to the carriers; substantially flSdBSCIibGCl.

7. A forging, press, comprising a carrier.

ing opposing forging die faces thereon and stantiall 8. A orging press, comprising an"ad'ust= having a die shaping surface on"j"it s .end,'

the axis of said shaft extending atan angle" to the path in which the carrier cated, and a plurality of rollersf'mounted, on the carrier and arranged to'transmit endf thrust from the shaft to the-carrienfsu as described.

able carrier, rotatable shafts mount on' said carriers and having forming faces on their opposing ends, means for positively, rotating the shaft mounted in the fixed carrier, means for movin the adjustable carrier and shaft'in a pat at an oblique angle to the axis of its shaft and a series'of antifriction rollers mounted on the carrier ar-. ran ed to transmit end thrust from the shaft to t e carrier; substantially asdescribed.

9. A paratus for forging, comprisin rotary dies having their axes at an ob 'que' angle to each other, forming surfaces. on opposing ends of said dies, carriers on which the dies are rotatably mounted, means for causing the forcible approach endwise' of said dies and carriers, and a'plurality of die supporting rollers engaging the carriers and arran ed to transmit end pressure from the saiddles to the carriers; substantially as described.

10. The method of forging metal, consisting in rolling it between opposing concentric die faces having their axes atan oblique angle to each other, holding one of the dies against endwise movement during the forging, and forcing the other die forward in a path parallel to the axis of its opposing die; substantially as described. a

11. The method of forming metal, consistin in forgin it between concentric die faces having their axes at an oblique angle to each other, holding one of the dies against endwise movement and moving-the face of, theother die endwise toward the relatively fixed die in a ath parallel to the axis of the fixed die; su stantially as described.

I 12. The method of forming metal, consisting in rolling theblank between oppostheir axes an oblique angle to each ot er, holding e ofrth'e dies agalnst'endwise. movement ing. concentric die faces having urin the forging o ration while forcing v t e? v er die forwar in a path parallel to j thus-apt its opposing die, and at the same time, limiting-outward: flow of the metal duringthe forging operation-at all points in "its circumference; su 'stantially, as described. 13.The method of forging metal, consisting in rolling it between opposing rotary concentric die faces having their axes at an oblirhue' angle to each other, holding one of the ies against endwise movement during the forging and forcing the other die forward in'a path parallel to the axis'of its opposing die, and thereby efiecting a rolling. action upon the metal; substantially as described. 7

14. Apparatus for forging metal, comprising in combination a rotating sha ing die having a surfaceadapted to make ine contact with the blank, a supportingdie having a surface adapted to ma e surface contact with the other side of the blank, said die surfaces having their axes at an oblique angle to each other, and means for pressing the shaping die surface against the blank in the dlrection of the axis of the blank, and for maintaining the supportin die in surface contact with one face of t e blank and the shaping die surface in line contact with the opposite face of the blank; substantially as described.

Y 15. In a-i for 'ng press, carriers having rotatable die ho ders mounted thereon whose axes extend at an oblique angle to each other, one of said carriers being mounted so as to permit of movement toward the opposite carrier in a path parallel to the axis of the op osite die holder and carrier; substanti ly as described. I Y I In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

W. S. Buvinenn, R. D. LITTLE. 

